Deficiency can occur in certain populations, including older adults, vegans, individuals with pernicious anaemia, those with malabsorption disorders such as Crohn's disease or coeliac disease, people who have had bariatric surgery or gastrectomy, and those on long-term medication such as metformin or acid-suppressing drugs
Each vial holds a sterile, particle-free solution presented in a sealed, rubber-stopper container built for repeated access
For an organization responsible for the well-being of hundreds of thousands of student-athletes, allowing the use of such a compound would be a flagrant dereliction of duty
When given by a trained professional, B12 injections are widely considered safe and well-tolerated
Comment: At the August 25, 2025 HOP Panel Meeting, the presenter advised the panel to request that CMS assign CPT code 0786T to APC 5464 (Level 4 Neurostimulator and Related Procedures)